Can 10Gb Switch Port Link to Gigabit Switch Port?

When beginning the transition from 1G to 10G network, many network switch users have encountered the issue of SFP to SFP+ compatibility. Will 1G SFP optics work with 10Gb SFP+ ports on a 10Gb switch? Or will 10Gb SFP+ run at 1Gb to link gigabit switches? What if using SFP+ ports on a switch but SFP on the other? Here we’ll ’reveal the mask of SFP to SFP+ compatibility.


What Is SFP Port on Gigabit Switch?

Ethernet switch, known as LAN (Local Area Network) switch, is the most common form of network switch. Fixed-configuration switches are the most used ones with different speeds including Fast Ethernet switch (100 Mbps), Gigabit switch (1000 Mbps), 10Gb switch (10000 Mbps), as well as 25G/40G/100G/400G switches. As the sizes and data rates of Ethernet network switches vary, the switch port types also do. SFP (small form-factor pluggable) port on network switch is a compact, hot-pluggable network interface. Typical speeds were 1 Gbit/s for Ethernet SFPs and up to 4 Gbit/s for Fiber Channel SFP modules. SFP port (electrical port and optical port) enables a gigabit switch to achieve fiber uplink over longer distances or short-range copper uplinks by inserting the corresponding SFP module (fiber SFP or copper SFP).


What Is SFP+ Port on 10Gb Switch?

SFP+ and SFP ports are virtually identical in size and appearance. The primary difference is that SFP+ is an updated version of SFP but supports higher speeds up to 10Gbps. There are mainly two types of 10Gb switch, including 10G fiber switch and 10GBASE-T switch, both of which could have higher-bandwidth uplink ports (25G/40G/100G) to connect with other higher-speed switches in the topology.


Can 1G SFP Optics Run at 10G SFP+ Port?

SFP+ slots can take SFP modules, most do but not all. It may depend greatly on the switch models. SFP+ ports often accept SFP optics but at a reduced speed of 1Gb. And sometimes this port will lock the speed at 1Gb until you reload the switch or do some fancy set of commands. Besides, the SFP+ port usually don't support speed under 1G. That is to say, you can’t plug the 100BASE SFP in the SFP+ port.


If you are unsure about the connectivity, it is suggested that you consult the vendor to make sure the 10Gb switch port supports dual rate before plugging an SFP transceiver into the SFP+ port on your 10Gb switch. Here are three popular switch whose 10G SFP+ ports can take 1G SFP optic modules.


Can 10G SFP+ Optics Run at 1G SFP Port？

Will 10Gb SFP+ run at 1Gb? The answer is not definitely “No”, and it also depends. You need to down rate the 10G SFP+ transceiver on the switch, but practically no one will be encouraged to do that. In particular, from the economic point of view, assuming that you have one 1G switch and one 10G switch and if you connect them with two 10G fiber optic transceiver modules, what you can expect to get? 1G network connectivity! Since the 10G ports can take 1G modules, and the result remains the same, why not replace 10G modules with 1G ones?


Can SFP+ Optics Auto-negotiate Down to 1G with Gigabit Switch?

Can 10G SFP+ transceiver module plugged in one switch be connected to a 1G transceiver plugged in another switch and negotiate? It depends.


For Ethernet over copper wiring, auto-negotiation is supported. That means, only the BASE-T SFP transceivers support auto-negotiation as copper SFP modules supporting 10/100/1000 auto-sensing.


For fiber-based transceivers such as fiber SFP and SFP+ optics, auto-negotiation is not supported. As a protocol, auto-negotiation only works when it’s running on both sides of the link. The two devices connected in the link will decide together the best speed and duplex mode. Most SFP and SFP+ transceivers only run at its rated speed as they are manufactured, thus 10Gb SFP+ optics on 10Gb switch can not auto-negotiate down to 1Gb if the other end is gigabit switch.


For example, if a 10Gb SFP+ module is plugged into the 10Gb switch port, it will only run at 10Gb. In this case, if you link it to the gigabit switch port, it will not work. But when plugging a 1Gb SFP module in the 10G SFP+ port, the 10Gb switch will run at 1Gb. If so, you can link it to the Gigabit switch.


Edited in 2021: 1/10G dual-rate SFP+ transceivers are designed for use in 1-Gigabit and 10-Gigabit Ethernet links over single-mode fiber (SMF) or multi-mode fiber (MMF). It is viable to connect 1/10G dual-rate SFP+ transceivers on a 10G transceiver with 1G transceiver plugged in a 1G switch.


Conclusion

For the issue of SFP to SFP+ compatibility, a simple answer is that it depends. The above lists three network switches of which 10G ports can take 1Gb SFP modules. To make sure the network transmission is smooth, you need to consult the switch vendor to ensure the connectors on both ends are the same and no manufacturer compatibility issue exists. If needed, fiber-mart.com is pleased to help you at any time.

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