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by www.fiber-mart.com  Today, let’s learn about a optical transmitter, especially called Direct Modulated Optical Transmitter equipment via three topics: working principle, products preview and Performance Features.   Working Principle  Modern fiber-optic communication systems generally include an optical transmitter to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal to send into the  optical fiber , a cable containing bundles of multiple optical fibers that is routed through underground conduits and buildings, multiple kinds of amplifiers, and an optical receiver to recover the signal as an electrical signal. The information transmitted is typically digital information generated by computers, telephone systems, and cable television companies.     Laser is the most expensive machine components, machines equipped with microprocessors. The microprocessor software to monitor the working state lasers, operating parameters from the panel LCD display. Once the laser operatin

by www.fiber-mart.com WDM EDFA used to combine CATV signal from optical transmitter with internet signal from OLT and output to single fiber.   EDFA product overview   An Erbium-Doped  Fiber Amplifier  (EDFA) is a device that amplifies an optical fiber signal (from CATV). An WDM EDFA is used to integrated 1550nm CATV (optical signal) and 1490nm /1310nm data stream from the PON into single fiber transmission.   FOT EDFA series of products adopt 980nm or 1480nm high linearity, optical isolation, the DFB, thermoelectric cooling DFB laser produced by JDS, Fujitsu, Nortel, Lucent, Fitel and other world-renowned semiconductor companies as the pumping source.   In the interior of the machine is equipped with the light power export stable circuit and laser Thermoelectric cooling device Temperature stability control circuit to ensure optimal machine performance and long-life laser stability. The microprocessor software monitor the lasers’ working state, the Digital Panel (VFD

by www.fiber-mart.com Recently, 100G Lambda Multi-Source Agreement (MSA) Group announces the release of draft specifications based on PAM4 optical technology at 100 Gbps per wavelength. Member companies at MSA address the technical challenges of implementing optical interfaces with 100 Gbps per wavelength PAM4 technology and multi-vendor interoperability for optical fiber manufacturers of varying manufacturer and form factor variations . The goal of this new optical specification is for next-generation network devices that, on demand, will need to meet the industry’s growing demand for higher bandwidth and bandwidth density.   100G Lambda MSA team members include: Alibaba, Applied OptoElectronics, Arista Networks, Broadcom, Infocomm, Cisco, Phoenix, Hong Teng Precision Technology Co., Ltd., Inphi, Intel, Juniper Networks, Lumentum, Luxtera, Magnesium Microwave Technology, MaxLinear, Microsoft, Molex, Synaptic, Nokia, Orlano, Semtech, Saul Optoelectronics, and Sumitomo Electric.

by www.fiber-mart.com Fiber optic attenuators  are used in networking applications where an optical signal is too strong and needs to be reduced. There are many applications where this arises, such as needing to equalize the channel strength in a multi-wavelength system or reducing the signal level to meet the input specifications of an optical receiver. In both scenarios, reducing the optical signal strength is necessary or else system performance issues may arise.   Types of Fiber Optic Attenuators There are many forms which can be taken by optical attenuators, but the two basic types of fiber optic attenuators are fixed and variable. In this article, we will focus on the fixed type.    The size of the build out attenuator is approximately 1.25 inch. Many have a male interface connector at one end and a female interface connector at the other end but female to female interface connectors are also available. The fabrication of the build-out style is typically accomplished

by www.fiber-mart.com The Optical Time Domain Reflectometer ( OTDR ) is a vital tool for fiber optic testing that can analyze the performance of fiber optic cabling through the use backscattering technologies, as well as identifying and locating connectors, splices, and breaks in fiber optic networks.   However, there is an unwanted phenomenon known as ‘dead zone’ that occurs when using an OTDR, which can cause improper readings if the right steps aren’t taken. This dead zone limitation can be avoided through the use of an OTDR Launch Box, which is what we review in more detail here.   The Launch Box Basics   The launch box, which is also known in the industry as a launch fiber, pulse suppressor, dead zone box or fiber ring, is a device that helps to eliminate the dead zone issue during fiber optic testing significantly. The dead zone is something that occurs when the pulse width changes and causes a high degree of reflection that can cover an area several hundred meters

When splicing together two lengths of fiber optic cabling, you have to choose between the two known methods -  fusion splicing  and mechanical splicing - which both essentially produce the same result - a secure connection between two formerly separate lengths of fiber. However, how do you choose between them? Is one method better than the other? Well, in this article, we take a closer look at both, to provide some clarity on the subject. By reading to the end, you’ll know what the pros and cons are of each, how each connection is created and you’ll be in a better position to make a considered decision.  So, without any further delay, let’s begin. Defining Mechanical & Fusion Splicing The ultimate goal of cable splicing is to create a secure connection between two or more sections of fiber in a way that allows the optical signal to pass through with minimal loss. As we mentioned already, both mechanical and fusion splicing achieve this goal, but they do so in very different ways. 

by www.fiber-mart.com   Today, let’s learn about a optical transmitter, especially called Direct Modulated Optical Transmitter equipment via three topics: working principle, products preview and Performance Features.   Working Principle   Modern  fiber-optic communication  systems generally include an optical transmitter to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal to send into the optical fiber, a cable containing bundles of multiple optical fibers that is routed through underground conduits and buildings, multiple kinds of amplifiers, and an optical receiver to recover the signal as an electrical signal. The information transmitted is typically digital information generated by computers, telephone systems, and cable television companies.    Laser is the most expensive machine components, machines equipped with microprocessors. The microprocessor software to monitor the working state lasers, operating parameters from the panel LCD display. Once the laser operati

by www.fiber-mart.com OLT detail parameter     How to choose a suitable  FTTH EPON  equipment,especially for EPON OLT,which is a quite headache purchasing problem in fiber optic projects and daily telecom application,for its set of complicate technical specification parameters.   This blog post is trying to list all kinds of EPON （OLT/ONU）series product technical specifications and standards in detail,which will mainly focus on those interesting parameters by our buyers. Today we mainly introduce the follows factors:    Device parameters  Performance and capability  EPON Interface (downlink) index  Ethernet optical/electrial (uplink) interface  Debug interface (OAM)   For better understanding full list of those technical specifications:such as device size,weight,operating environment and power parameter etc,we pick up a OLT device from FOT(Fiber Optic Telecom) EPON Product line,as an example/reference,in this whole post.     Here is introducing a high volum

by www.fiber-mart.com 10G? XFP?   The XFP (10 Gigabit Small Form Factor Pluggable) is a standard for transceivers for high-speed computer network and telecommunication links that use optical fiber. It was defined by an industry group in 2002, along with its interface to other electrical components, which is called XFI.   XFP’s Applications 10GBASE-LR/LW 10G Ethernet 1200-SM-LL-L 10G Fibre Channel  XFP modules  are hot-swappable and protocol-independent. They typically operate at near-infrared wavelengths (colors) of 850 nm, 1310 nm or 1550 nm. Principal applications include 10 Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gbit/s Fibre Channel, synchronous optical networking (SONET) at OC-192 rates, synchronous optical networking STM-64, 10 Gbit/s Optical Transport Network (OTN) OTU-2, and parallel optics links. They can operate over a single wavelength or use dense wavelength-division multiplexing techniques. They include digital diagnostics that provide management that were added to the SFF-847

by www.fiber-mart.com Internet connectivity over an optical cord has become a precious standard for fast and high-quality data transmission. This technology is relatively new. This new nature of it can leave some in a dilemma. Some would even be unwilling to invest in it. Some would still prefer go old school and use convention network cables.   Over the years, with the technical progress, even conventional cable has risen to new horizons. But, which technology is better? Both copper and glass or  optical cords  have their benefits. Both have unique features. If something is better for others does not necessarily make it better for you. So, the right question to ask is which means would suit your business?   Fiber Optics Cable The conventional copper wires transmit data via electricity. Fiber wire relies on light. It does not transmit data through the flow of electrons. This enables much faster internet connection. In fact, it also enables handling of a higher bandwidth. S

by www.fiber-mart.com Fiber optic components, cable plants and the telecommunication systems that use them can be complex. They are comprised of fiber, connectors, splices, LED lights, laser sources, detectors and receivers—all forming an inter-connected tapestry of technology, each dependent on the next to function properly.   When one of the elements fails—when light escapes from one component—failure of the entire system can follow. A single element failure can wreak havoc on even the most well-thought-out network, as well as the buildings, businesses and organizations that network supports. This is why having the right  optical testing equipment  is so important for efficiently and effectively troubleshooting fiber optics.   Tools for Troubleshooting Fiber Optics Here's a look at some of the essential tools you'll need when inspecting fiber optic cable for the myriad causes of system failure, including dust, oils and water blocking gel which can cause end-face

by www.fiber-mart.com If you’re a  fiber optics cable  installer or technician you know how important precision and comfort is due to the repetitious nature of the installation job. Although no special tools are required for fiber termination, a fiber installation termination kit is worth thinking about as it comes with all the specialized tools you need to prepare the fiber correctly, while also providing a stable work surface so that you get the best installation results possible.   Although fiber optic strands are 10X stronger than steel, the strands are about 2.5 times the thickness of a single human hair making fiber termination a somewhat delicate operation! Especially when compared to let’s say a single copper conductor on a CAT6 cable, which is relatively easy to terminate, right?   Well, the good news is that since fiber optic technology was introduced in the late 1970s, many new connector styles have been developed and each design is meant to offer better, faster p

by www.fiber-mart.com Fiber optic sensors  could warn people of imminent landslides, potentially saving lives and reducing destruction.   A team at the Second University of Naples is developing sensor technology that could detect and monitor both large landslides and slow slope movements. The researchers hope to mitigate the effects of these major natural disasters, similar to the way hurricane tracking can prompt coastal evacuations.   Optical fiber sensors embedded in shallow trenches within slopes would detect small shifts in the soil, the researchers said. Landslides are always preceded by various types of pre-failure strains, they said.   While the magnitude of pre-failure strains depends on the rock or soil involved — ranging from fractured rock debris and pyroclastic flows to fine-grained soils — they are measurable. Electrical sensors have long been used for monitoring landslides, but that type of sensor can be easily damaged, the researchers said. Optical fiber

by www.fiber-mart.com A systems analysis continues to be completed to consider dynamical transient effects in the physical layer of an  Optical WDM Network . The physical layer dynamics include effects on different time scales. Dynamics from the transmission signal impulses possess a scale of picoseconds. The timing recovery loops in the receivers be employed in the nanoseconds time scale. Optical packet switching in the future networks will have microsecond time scale. Growth and development of such optical networks is yet continuing. Most of the advanced development work in optical WDM networks is presently focused on circuit switching networks, where lightpath change events (for example wavelength add/drop or cross-connect configuration changes) happen on the time scale of seconds.   It is focused on the dynamics from the average transmission power associated with the gain dynamics in Optical Line Amplifiers (OLA). These dynamics may be triggered by the circuit switching even

by www.fiber-mart.com A  fiber optic coupler  is an indispensable part of the world of electrical devices. Without these no signals would be transmitted or converted from inputs to outputs. This is the reason these are so important thereby this article discussed about these, introduction, classification and benefits in detail.   Fiber Optic Coupler is an optical cog that is capable of connecting single or multiple fiber ends in order to permit the broadcast of light waves in manifold paths. This optical device is also capable of coalescing two or more inputs into a single output while dividing a single input into two or more outputs. In comparison to a connector or a splice, the signals may be even more attenuated by FOC i.e. Fiber Optic Couplers; this is due to the division of input signal amongst the output ports.   Types of Fiber Optic Coupler   Fiber Optic Couplers are broadly classified into two, the active or passive devices. For the operation of active fiber coupl