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  by www.fiber-mart.com 10GBASE-T, or IEEE 802.3an-2006, is a standard released in 2006 to provide 10Gbit/s connections over unshielded or shielded twisted pair cables, with distances up to 30 meters (98 ft) with RJ45 connectors on an electrical transceiver (or copper transceiver). It’s backward-compatible with existing 1GbE (1 Gigabit Ethernet) networks, meaning that it can be deployed based on existing 1GbE switch infrastructures in data centers that are cabled with CAT6 and CAT6A (or above) cabling. 10GBASE-T is a cabling solution of 10GbE, the other 10GbE cabling solutions include SFP+ fiber (10G-SR,10G-LR,10G-LRM, etc.), SFP+ Direct Attach Cable (DAC), SFP+ Active Optical Cable (AOC).   The most outstanding difference between optical transceivers and electrical transceivers is the transport media they use, as a result, optical transceivers should be linked with optical fiber and electrical transceivers should be linked with networking cables such as CAT6.   Generally, transceivers

  by www.fiber-mart.com 40GBASE Optical modules are various of optical transceivers with 40Gbps transmission rate, in which the QSFP is the main form factor. And the 40G QSFP+ Modules are the most broadly applied optical transceivers. In this article 10Gtek will be introducing different network solutions of the most prevailing 40G QSFP+ transceivers to help you have easier understanding and better selection to the modules.   Features and Benefits of 40G QSFP+ Transceiver Hot-pluggable to 40G Ethernet QSFP+ port QSFP+ MSA compliant and interoperable with other IEEE-compliant 40G interfaces RoHS certified and verified superior performance, durability and reliability High-speed electrical interface based on IEEE 802.3ba compliant 4 Parallel lanes design of SR4, ESR4, PSM LR4 and PSM IR4 4 CWDM lanes MUX design of LR4, IR4 and ER4 Low power consumption less than 3.5W   40G QSFP+ SR4 and 40G QSFP+ ESR4 Transceivers The signals’ delivery of 40G QSFP+ SR4 transceiver are transmitted thru four

  by www.fiber-mart.com 1.What is QSFP28 transceiver? A: The QSFP28 transceiver is a high-rate optical module for 100G Ethernet. It employs QSFP form factor. The QSFP28 transceiver has four signal channels, each with a maximum transmission rate of 28 Gbps. It is available in a variety of fiber link distances. The QSFP28 transceiver is used in the InfiniBand system, called EDR. EDR QSFP28 transceiver has stricter performance requirements.   2.What are the main applications of the QSFP28 transceiver? A: The QSFP28 transceiver is mainly employed in the data center for 100G connections of core switches and core routers.   3.What are the main types of 100G transceiver? A: There are QSFP28 transceivers, CFP4 transceivers, CFP2 transceivers, CFP transceivers. Currently, the main 100G transceiver is the QSFP28 transceiver.   4.Is it possible to insert QSFP+ transceivers to QSFP28 fiber ports for use? A: No. Different communication protocols were complied for different data rates.   5.What are

  by www.fiber-mart.com Definition   The word we now often refer to optical module is transceiver. It is a compound of transmitter and receiver, which is a smart combine. Because it vividly expresses the key function of the device, transmitting and receiving signal. Therefore, a transceiver is basically a transmitter and receiver in a small package and serves as an important sub system in fiber optic communication networks.   Structure and Operational Principle   There are several key components in a common transceiver. It’s TOSA, ROSA, laser driver chip, limiting amplifier chip and PCB. This components usually hides in a small package with one or two fiber optic connector at one hand including a release latch and an electrical PCB edge connector at the other. The TOSA(Transmitter Optical Sub-assembly) consists of a laser diode, optical interface, monitor photodiode, metal housing, and electrical interface. The ROSA (Receiver Optical Sub-assembly) consists of a photodiode, optical inte

  by www.fiber-mart.com SFP+ transceiver is very popular in many data center and enterprise servers network application. As we all known, 10G SFP+ transceivers have a big branch family. Different SFP+ transceivers can provide a wide variety of connectivity options. There are several approaches for us to understand 10G SFP+ transceivers family. For example, with the compliance to different 10G Ethernet standard, we can classify transceivers as 10GBase-SR, 10GBase-LR, 10GBase-ER, 10GBase-ZR etc. Or viewing from the port type, we can see the difference between the SFP+ transceiver configured with duplex LC connector or a RJ-45 connector. But there is another approach we can understand and distinguish SFP+ transceivers. And That is waht I am going to talk about: the Connecting Cable Types.   1.Copper Cable   10GBase-T SFP+ is a transceiver configured with a RJ-45 port, which means that it uses copper cable to provide connections of 10G transmission speed. Cat 6, cat 6a or cat 7 copper cabl

  by www.fiber-mart.com Besides fiber optic cables, 10G Ethernet SFP+ transceivers can transfer data over copper cables, like twin-axial cabling or twisted pair cabling. This kind of  SFP+ transceiver  is equipped with a RJ-45 connector on one side, as the below figure shows. It is called 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver. With cat6, cat6a or cat7 copper cables, 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver could make a link length up to 30 meters.   Why SFP+ 10GBase-T transceiver?   Since optic fiber could make transmit faster and further and build a complete network system, why SFP+ 10GBase-T transceiver is needed? This is a key question encountered by 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver. As a star member of 10G SFP+ transceiver family, 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver is popular for a wide range of applications in copper-based infrastructure of network system. When connecting 10G modules to copper networks, 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver can directly connect into the copper networks, while the other 10G SFP+ transceivers using

  by www.fiber-mart.com SFP+ transceiver is very popular in many data center and enterprise servers network application. As we all known, 10G SFP+ transceivers have a big branch family. Different SFP+ transceivers can provide a wide variety of connectivity options. There are several approaches for us to understand 10G SFP+ transceivers family. For example, with the compliance to different 10G Ethernet standard, we can classify transceivers as 10GBase-SR, 10GBase-LR, 10GBase-ER, 10GBase-ZR etc. Or viewing from the port type, we can see the difference between the SFP+ transceiver configured with duplex LC connector or a RJ-45 connector. But there is another approach we can understand and distinguish SFP+ transceivers. And That is waht I am going to talk about: the Connecting Cable Types.   1.Copper Cable   10GBase-T SFP+ is a transceiver configured with a RJ-45 port, which means that it uses copper cable to provide connections of 10G transmission speed. Cat 6, cat 6a or cat 7 copper cabl

  by www.fiber-mart.com Besides fiber optic cables, 10G Ethernet SFP+ transceivers can transfer data over copper cables, like twin-axial cabling or twisted pair cabling. This kind of SFP+ transceiver is equipped with a RJ-45 connector on one side, as the below figure shows. It is called 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver. With cat6, cat6a or cat7 copper cables, 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver could make a link length up to 30 meters.   Why SFP+ 10GBase-T transceiver?   Since optic fiber could make transmit faster and further and build a complete network system, why SFP+ 10GBase-T transceiver is needed? This is a key question encountered by 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver. As a star member of 10G SFP+ transceiver family, 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver is popular for a wide range of applications in copper-based infrastructure of network system. When connecting 10G modules to copper networks, 10GBase-T SFP+ transceiver can directly connect into the copper networks, while the other 10G SFP+ transceivers using o

  by www.fiber-mart.com 5G rollouts are on the horizon, with major telecom companies set to rollout limited network access in the US and Europe. Most folks pay attention to the wireless requirements in these networks, but local antennas will still need to be connected to the telephone network and the Internet with high bandwidth optical fibers or wireless backhaul connections.   All this requires fiber optic transceivers to support fiber networking equipment. Choosing the right transceiver for fiber networks depends on multiple factors, although in 5G the principal factors to consider are bandwidth, data rate, conversion loss, and fiber type. Before you can choose the correct fiber transceiver, the first step is to determine what type of fiber the network is using, or what type of fiber cable the application will require to achieve optimal speed and bandwidth.   Which Type of Fiber are You Using? There are two main types of fiber cable, each of which is appropriate for different applic

  by www.fiber-mart.com In the project of the Optical Fiber Access Network, the end-user has two nouns, ONU and ONT. However, many people are not quite sure what the two words mean.   The optical fiber is connected to the ONU through the passive optical network equipment (ODN). After the branch is connected to the ONU, the ONU acts as an optical port. The user port is used as the Ethernet port to directly access the Internet.   First, we should know these nouns:   FTTH: fiber to the home,   FTTO: fiber to the office,   FTTB: fiber to the building,   OLT: Optical line terminal,   ODN: Optical wiring network,   ONU: Optical network unit,   ONT: Optical network terminal.   In the different environment, the comparison of ONT and ONU is different.   In the FTTH, ONU refers to an optical network device connected to the branch fiber of the ODN. ONT refers to the optical network device connected to the end user (that is, our home).   When the carrier fiber enters the home, there will be a fibe

  by www.fiber-mart.com In the Access network, we have heard about ONT. Now, I tell you this OTN. Same letters, different order. Are OTN and ONT the same things?   Obviously not!   ONT belongs to the Access network. It’s the Optical network terminal, a product in the xPON network access solution.   However, OTN is the Optical Transport Network, a next generation backbone transport network with WDM technology and Optical layer network.   Maybe you have heard about some companies produce transmission network products, such as Huawei OptiXtrans DC908 OTN, ZTE ZXONE 9700 OTN, and so on.   In this article, I will introduce the overview of OTN. Enjoy it!   What is OTN?   OTN is based on WDM technology. An optical transport network (OTN), a type of network, refers to a transport network that implements transmission, multiplexing, routing, and monitoring of service signals in the optical domain, and guarantees performance indicators and survivability.   What is the benefit of OTN?   The main a

  by www.fiber-mart.com Microwave communication refers to the method of using microwave (Microwave) as a carrier to carry information and carry out relay communication.   Nowadays, although wired transmission networks dominated by optical fiber communication dominate, we still cannot do without microwave communication in some special application scenarios. For example, in remote areas, it is too difficult or costly to deploy cables, or when natural disasters occur, optical fiber transmission is damaged.   Compared with optical fiber communication, microwave still has many irreplaceable advantages. For example, the cost is low, and the ability to resist disasters is strong.   What are the specific differences between them?   First of all, when we talk about microwaves, we may think of microwave ovens in our minds. Microwave ovens are actually an application that makes good use of microwave principles, but the most important thing for microwaves is the communication in our lives. The sig